In today's society, exclusion remains a persistent issue that affects individuals from various social groups. While anyone can experience exclusion, those who deviate from society's narrow definition of normalcy are more likely to be marginalized.
To better understand how to tackle exclusion on society, we must first understand the nature of exclusion, its common causes and the impacts it has on individuals' health and finances. Then, we must provide strategies to reduce exclusion and foster a more inclusive society.
Understanding exclusion: Overt and covert forms
Exclusion can manifest in both overt and covert ways. Overt exclusion is direct and explicit, often accompanied by statements such as "No, you're not welcome here."
On the other hand, covert exclusion is more hidden and subtle. It can be institutional, such as excessive paperwork or physically inaccessible spaces, or it can involve unwritten rules and invisible barriers that frustrate specific populations. Covert exclusion can also be found in systems that are meant to serve as access points but unintentionally create additional barriers.
Common reasons for social and systemic exclusion
There are numerous reasons behind social and systemic exclusion. Some barriers may seem inconspicuous until they are identified. Examples include buildings without ramps or elevators, inadequate support systems in educational settings and intersectional barriers that impact multiple marginalized groups simultaneously.
Historically, inclusion rights were often developed from a white male perspective, leaving other populations underrepresented and facing exclusion. As well, exclusion by association can occur when individuals are forced to leave work to care for a disabled child or adult, leading to negative consequences in their professional lives.
The experience of exclusion: emotional and health impacts
Being excluded can evoke a range of emotions, such as a sense of lacking support, low self-esteem, anxiety, depression, jealousy and loneliness. The mental health effects of exclusion can be far-reaching, often resulting in physical health issues.
In particular, loneliness can have detrimental effects on overall well-being, leading to obesity, high blood pressure, weakened immune functioning and other health concerns. Professionals sometimes focus solely on disabilities, overshadowing the needs and aspirations of individuals, further exacerbating the negative impact of exclusion.
The financial toll of exclusion
Exclusion can also carry a financial burden for those affected. Individuals who face physical barriers often need to invest in their own resources to overcome these obstacles. Expenses such as orthotics, transportation and other accommodations that are necessary for daily life can quickly accumulate.
Despite society's promise to afford disabled individuals the same rights as others, the reality often falls short. Enforcing those rights becomes an uphill battle, and the notion of rights loses its significance in the face of persistent barriers.
The vulnerability to exclusion across ages
Exclusion does not discriminate based on age; it can affect individuals of all age groups who do not meet society's standards of normalcy.
Whether it is children with disabilities struggling in school, young adults facing social exclusion or elderly individuals experiencing isolation, the need for inclusivity spans across all age ranges.
Strategies for addressing exclusion
When faced with exclusion, individuals can take several steps to address the issue. Self-advocacy is crucial, along with building a strong support network to ensure that rights and needs are communicated effectively.
Finding "your people" and reaching out to acquaintances, co-workers or community members can provide social support. Taking risks, even when it feels uncomfortable, and actively participating in social events and activities can help combat isolation.
Reducing exclusion in society: Bystander behaviours
Reducing exclusion requires a collective effort. We must examine our own biases and recognize when we are avoiding interactions with certain individuals based on preconceived notions. Acting as allies allows us to be open to conversations and challenge hidden biases. Learning and unlearning biases deeply engrained in social expectations is essential. However, it is important to approach allyship without the intention of "rescuing" others solely for personal gratification. True allyship empowers and uplifts individuals, fostering a sense of inclusivity.
Exclusion persists as a social issue affecting various social groups. By understanding the forms and impacts of exclusion, promoting self-advocacy, building support networks and challenging biases, we can work towards reducing exclusion and creating a more inclusive society.
Recognizing that everyone has the potential to contribute and thrive, regardless of their deviation from societal norms, is the first step on the path to a brighter, more inclusive future.
Connect with the Community Counselling Centre of Nipissing online or book an appointment here.